Soil erosion is washing away and removal of the soil cover of earth. The major causes of soil erosion are rivers, winds, pre-monsoon dry waves and deforestation. Geographically there are three prominent types of soil erosion.
(i) Run-off erosion: It is due to rills and gullies. The worst affected areas are those of Betwa, Chambal and Ken rivers.
(ii) Sheet-erosion: Sheet erosion is the main problem in Rajasthan where sandy soil is removed by run-off process.
(iii) Splash erosion: Splash erosion is the problem of broad leaf dense forest in the region of M.P. N.E. India and Chotanagpur.
Control measures:
1. Afforestations.
2. Compensatory forestry programme (1971) to compensate the loss of the forest which took place.
3. Mulching programme-moisture of the land is to be maintained.
4. Social forestry gives emphasis over forestry on governmental lands and villages.
5. Bunding scheme in rills and gullies.
6.Innovative farming techniques--terrace farming,contour farming etc.
(i) Run-off erosion: It is due to rills and gullies. The worst affected areas are those of Betwa, Chambal and Ken rivers.
(ii) Sheet-erosion: Sheet erosion is the main problem in Rajasthan where sandy soil is removed by run-off process.
(iii) Splash erosion: Splash erosion is the problem of broad leaf dense forest in the region of M.P. N.E. India and Chotanagpur.
Control measures:
1. Afforestations.
2. Compensatory forestry programme (1971) to compensate the loss of the forest which took place.
3. Mulching programme-moisture of the land is to be maintained.
4. Social forestry gives emphasis over forestry on governmental lands and villages.
5. Bunding scheme in rills and gullies.
6.Innovative farming techniques--terrace farming,contour farming etc.
No comments:
Post a Comment