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Monday, 23 December 2013

Treaties and Summits(still under updation);Imp for Mains 2014



1.    Antarctica Treaty System

2.    Basel Convention

3.    Biological Weapons ConventionSigned in 1972 btw USA and USSR.Bans productiona ans stockpiling of biological weapons.

4.    Chemical Weapons Convention

5.    Anti Ballistic Missile Treaty

6.    Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty-   The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is a multilateral treaty by which states agree to ban all nuclear explosions in all environments, for military or civilian purposes. It was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 September 1996 but it has not entered into force due to the non-ratification of  all the states.India,North Korea and Pakistan have not signed it.By not signing the treaty India has kept its nuclear option open.

7.    Nuclear Non Proliferation Treaty(NPT)— Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty aims to prevent spread of Nuclear weapons and related technology. It was entered into 1968, but India, Pakistan and Israel are not the signatories yet.North Korea was the first country to withdraw from the Treaty.Its major features are—
·         No Transfer of nuclear weapons to non members
·         Nuclear Powers have agreed to make available their nuclear know how to non nuclear states for peaceful purposes

8.    Partial Test Ban Treaty

9.    Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty

10.   Strategic Arms Reduction Talks-1

11.   Strategic Arms Reduction Talk-2

12.   UN Convention on the Law of Sea(UNCLOS)

13.   Convention on Rights of Disabled Person

14.   Convention Against Torture

15.   Convention Agains Trans National Organised Crime

16.   Cnvention Against Corruption

17.   Convention for Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism

18.   Convention of Dumping of Wastes at Sea

19.   Convention on Climate Change

20.   Convention on Biological Diversity

21.   Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species(CITES)

22.Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants

23.Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women

24.Convention on The Rights of Chilld

25.Convention to Combat Desertification

26.Geneva Convention

27.Genocide Convention

28. Hague Convention

29. Intermediate Range Nuclear Force Treaty

30. International Conference on Population and Development

31.              Landmines Ban Treaty

32.              Montreal Protocol

33.              Outer Space Treaty--It contains main legal aspects of outer space in international field. The treaty of 1967 makes provision for free and peaceful use of outer space.It bans military activities in outer space and installation of any kinds of weapons in earth’s orbit,moon or any celestial bodies.

34.  Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

35.  Seabed Treaty

36.  Vienna Declaration on Human Rights

37.  Chemical Weapons Convention Tallinn Manual

38.  The Rotterdam Convention

39.  Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Immunity

40.  Beijing Conference on Women

41.  Shimla Agreement---- Simla Treaty, popularly known as the Simla Pact or the Simla Agreement was signed between India and Pakistan on 2nd July 1972. This agreement was entered to end the war of 1971, in December, 1971 that led to the independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh.

42.  Tashkent Agreement--

Tashkent Agreement,  (Jan. 10, 1966), accord signed by India’s prime minister Lal Bahadur Shastri (who died the next day) and Pakistan’s president Ayub Khan, ending the 17-day war between Pakistan and India of August–September 1965. A cease-fire had been secured by the United Nations Security Council on Sept. 22, 1965.

The agreement was mediated by Soviet premier Aleksey Kosygin, who had invited the parties to Tashkent. The parties agreed to withdraw all armed forces to positions held before Aug. 5, 1965; to restore diplomatic relations; and to discuss economic, refugee, and other questions. The agreement was criticized in India because it did not contain a no-war pact or any renunciation of guerrilla aggression in Kashmir.



43.  Nuclear Test Ban Treaty—This treaty was signed in 1963 between America,UK and USSR.According to this treaty all tests on ground,atmosphere and under the sea have been banned.No ban on underground tests

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